Long bones are longer than they are wide and have a shaft and two ends. Shown are different types of bones: flat, irregular, long, short, and sesamoid. The bones of the human skeleton are classified by their shape: long bones, short bones, flat bones, sutural bones, sesamoid bones, and irregular bones ( Figure). The process of calcification only occurs in the presence of collagen fibers. Calcification is the process of deposition of mineral salts on the collagen fiber matrix that crystallizes and hardens the tissue.
The mineral salts primarily include hydroxyapatite, a mineral formed from calcium phosphate. It contains specialized cells and a matrix of mineral salts and collagen fibers.
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a connective tissue that constitutes the endoskeleton.
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